Hydrometeorological disasters are caused by extreme meteorological and climatic events such as floods, droughts, storms, strong winds, forest and land fires, and landslides. These disasters account for the majority of natural hazards worldwide. Such extreme events can lead to loss of life, infrastructure damage, and extensive socio-economic impacts, particularly for communities living in disaster-prone areas. Monitoring and forecasting the occurrence, intensity, and evolution of extreme hydrometeorological events are crucial for humanitarian organizations and governments to enhance preparedness, mitigation, and response efforts. Remote sensing, environmental and climate modeling, and instrumentation-based monitoring systems play essential roles in providing timely and accurate hazard information.

The Hydrometeorological Disaster Mitigation and Climate Change Division (HMCC–TDMRC) focuses on research, innovation, instrumentation development, adaptation, and mitigation of hydrometeorological disasters, climate change adaptation, including agricultural adaptation, and community empowerment to strengthen resilience to climate risks. The division also promotes Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) and aligns its initiatives with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to support sustainable and resilient development. This division integrates expertise from physics, environmental science, geography, engineering, forestry, agriculture, and instrumentation technology to understand and address challenges related to extreme weather events such as floods, flash floods, droughts, landslides, forest fires, and coastal inundation.

Key activities include hydrological and climate modeling, spatial analysis using GIS and satellite data, design and development of early warning systems for floods, flash floods, and landslides, ecosystem- and forest-based watershed management (NbS), agricultural adaptation strategies for hydrometeorological hazards, and community-based disaster preparedness programs. Furthermore, HMCC – TDMRC actively engages in national and international collaboration with universities, research institutions, government agencies, and global organizations in the fields of disaster mitigation and climate change. These collaborations encompass joint research, knowledge exchange, technical training, and capacity building toward sustainable and climate-resilient development.